[Pubmed] Treatment of neuroimmunological diseases with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells : Experience and new deve

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Z Rheumatol. 2025 Jul 10. doi: 10.1007/s00393-025-01676-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies were originally developed for the treatment of hematological malignancies; however, they are gaining increasing importance in the treatment of selected individuals with severe, treatment-refractory courses of neuroimmunological diseases. This article discusses the available treatment experiences to date and the potentially promising biotechnological developments in the context of the underlying neuroimmunological pathophysiology.

OBSERVATIONS: The spectrum of immunopathology in neuroimmunological diseases ranges from classical autoantibody-mediated autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis to immunologically complex conditions like multiple sclerosis. The CAR T cell products currently in use target B cells, leading to complete B cell depletion, including autoreactive B cell clones. The therapeutic response, measured by disease activity and biomarkers, varies depending on the underlying immunopathology. The use of CAR T cells in different disease entities has shown a favorable safety profile concerning acute toxicity.

CONCLUSION: Currently available and emerging CAR T cell therapy approaches open new therapeutic perspectives for neuroimmunological diseases. Larger studies are needed to assess safety, efficacy and long-term effects and to identify individual disease courses that may be suitable for the application of these forms of treatment.

PMID:40643637 | DOI:10.1007/s00393-025-01676-2


Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4064363 ... t9+e462414